MALAWI                         CHICHEWA (CHINYANJA)

 

 

"RUDE" kapena kuti "ROOD" ndi liwu lachingerezi cha kale limene limatanthauza "Mtanda Woyera"

 

Tchalitchi choyambirira pa malo ano chinayambidwa ndi Mfumu David Woyamba mchaka cha 1129, koma mchaka cha 1406 chinawonongedwa ndi moto wolusa. Sipanapite nthawi, mkulu wina wotchuka, dzina lake Chamberlain wa ku Scotland anapereka ndalama zake kuti amange tchalitchi china, ndipo gawo la kummwera ndi chipirala mukuchionacho zinatsirizidwa mchaka cha 1414. Mbali imeneyi ndiponso zipirala za chi "Scolt" komanso mbalawala za mkungudza, pambuyo pokonzetsedwa bwino tsopano zikuoneka monga mmene zidaliri poyambapo.

 

Popeza kuti tchalitchichi sichinali chachikulu kwenikweni, mbali ya gulu la Kwaya (cha kummawa) lidamangidwa m'zaka za pakati pa 1507 ndi 1546 ndi anthu amalonda a komkuno motsogozedwa ndi mkulu wina woswa miyala dzina lake John Coutts.

 

Mchaka cha 1656, chifukwa cha mkangano umene unabuka pakati pa abusa awiri a mpingowu komanso owatsatira awo, akuluakulu a Konsolo ya Mzinda adagawa tchalitchichi pawiri; tchalitchi cha kumvuma (ku mmawa) ndi kuzambwe (ku madzulo), tchalitchi chilichonse ndi m'busa wake. Kugawanikaku kunapitirira mpaka chaka cha 1935, pamene magulu awiriwa anagwirizananso ndi kukhala ndi m'busa mmodzi.

 

Pambuyo pake kusinthika kwakukulu kudachitika mzaka za 1936 mpaka 1940. Khoma limene limkalekanitsa magulu awiri aja linagumulidwa, ndipo mbali ziwiri zimene zinali zazifupi zinawonjezeredwa, denga lokongola linamangidwa, mbali ya Kwaya ndi ku gome zinakwezedwa pamene chipinda chovalira abusa ndi chopangira misonkhano zinamangidwa pansi pa mbali ya kwaya.

 

Pakati pa 1965 ndi 1968 kusintha kwina kunachitikanso. Izi zinakhudza makamaka ntchito yokonzetsa miyala yosema imene ili m'mazenera, kubwezeretsa miyala imene inaola, kusongolasongola miyala ina ndi ina komanso kukonzetsa ndi kuika mbaula zotenthetsa m'tchalitchimu panthawi yozizira

 

Mchaka cha 1970 mabelu akuluakulu asanu ndi limodzi anapachikidwa m'mwamba. Mabelu amenewa akhoza tsopano kuyimbidwa pogwiritsa ntchito manja kapena mphamvu ya magetsi. Pakati pa zaka za 1987 ndi 1993 ntchito yaikulu yokonzetsanso tchallitchi lonseli inachitka, imene inadya ndalama zokwana £1,250,000.

 

Mary, Mfumukazi ya ku Scotland, amkapemphera mtchalitchi muno ndipo John Knox adalalikira muno. Mwana wa mwamuna wa Mfumukazi Mary, dzina lake James Wachiwiri wa ku Scotland, amene pambuyo pake adakhala Mfumu James Woyamba wa ku England mchaka cha 1603, pambuyo pa imfa ya Mfumukazi Elizabeth, anadzozedwera m'tchalitchi muno kukhala Mfumu pa 29 July 1567. Kotero kuti tchalitchi chino ndi chikhacho m'dziko lonse la Britain, kupatula tchalitchi cha ku Westminster ku London, lomwe mudachitikira mwambo wolonga Mfumu.

 

CHONDE MUSATENGE PEPALA LINO POTULUKA M'TCHALITCHI MUNO